A few weeks ago, there was a settlement by the State of Arizona in the case of Valle del Sol et al. v. Whiting et al , a lawsuit brought against SB1070 by immigrant rights and civil rights organization. The case was filed against SB1070 for its anti immigrant provisions. Through the settlement, the Arizona local enforcers are now prohibited, among others, from stopping or detaining individuals based solely on ethnicity and race and from questioning them about their immigration status. This is a positive development that prohibits racial profiling. However, despite this new development, the USCIS recently emphasized the importance of maintaining a green card that is valid and not expired.
Proof of Residency
Immigrant visa holders may prove resident status through an I-551 or popularly known as the green card. If the green card is not available, a USCIS temporary I-551 or Alien Documentary Identification and Telecommunication (ADIT) stamp on the passport shall be temporarily accepted. The green card is used as proof of legal immigrant visa status and can be used to re-enter if returning to un-relinquished, lawful permanent residence after temporary absence of less than one year. A copy of a green card is also used to show proof of valid immigrant visa status when petitioning family members.
Renewing the I-551
Permanent resident card or I-551 expires but not lawful permanent resident status every 10 years. At least 6 months prior to its expiration, the permanent resident must file for a replacement I-551 by filing a USCIS Form I-90. This may be filed directly to the USCIS or may be done electronically. If the green card holder has an expired I-551 and is outside the United States, he may not file the Form I-90. He must return to the U.S. and file the I-90. Before returning to the United States, the green card holder with the expired green card must obtain a “boarding foil” or a boarding letter from the USCIS at the US Embassy abroad to allow the person to return to the U.S. Upon arrival in the U.S. this individual may then file for the I-90.
While the I-90 is pending, USCIS must provide an adequate temporary substitution in the form of an endorsed I-94 or an ADIT stamp indicating temporary proof of resident status.
Filing for Naturalization
If the immigrant visa holder has a green card which is expired or has a validity period of less than 6 months, the USCIS will require this individual to first file for an I-90 before filing an application for naturalization is accepted. The proof of filing the I-90 will be the receipt notice and this receipt notice may be presented to the USCIS for an ADIT stamp as proof of immigrant status.
On the other hand, if the individual has a validity of more than 6 months on the I-551 or green card, there is no need to file for renewal or I-90 before filing an application for naturalization.
There is particular provision in the current law where an individual is required to maintain a valid green card. It is a misdemeanor under 8 USC § 1304(e) for a lawful permanent resident to fail to keep his green card at all times. This means that the green card must always have a valid date and must not be expired. Despite the settlement of the lawsuit mentioned above, it important to still maintain a valid green card or risk being charged for a misdemeanor.
(Atty. Lourdes S. Tancinco is a partner at Tancinco Law Offices, a San Francisco based law firm and may be reached at law@tancinco.com, facebook.com/tancincolaw, or 1 888 930 0808)
