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U.S. District Court Judge Orders Injunction on Biden’s Priority for ICE Enforcement & Prosecutorial Discretion Memos

U.S. District Court Judge Orders Injunction on Biden's Priority for ICE Enforcement & Prosecutorial Discretion Memos
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If ICE were to immediately do an en masse arrest, detention and removal of millions of unauthorized immigrants from the United States, it will not only be an inhumane undertaking but there will also be an adverse socio-economic impact and a tremendous drain on government resources.

With a policy for a more compassionate immigration policy, President Biden issued policy directives through the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency early this year.

The Biden-Harris Administration came out with “priorities for enforcement” through ICE memoranda and directives:

(1) Pekoske Memo Dated January 20, 2021: Review of and Interim Revision to Civil Immigration Enforcement and Removal Policies and Priorities;

(2) Johnson Memo Dated February 18, 2021: Interim Guidance: Civil Immigration Enforcement and Removal Priorities

(3) Maher Memo Dated May 27, 2021: Implementing Interim Civil Immigration Enforcement Policies and Priorities;

(4) Trasvina Memo Dated May 21, 2021: Interim Guidance to OPLA Attorneys Regarding Civil Immigration Enforcement and Removal Policies and Priorities

The Pekoske and Johnson Memos set interim guidelines for immigration enforcement, including providing guidance to ICE ERO officers on prioritizing enforcement actions, custody decisions, the execution of final orders of removal, and other actions. Priorities for enforcement listed those individuals who are threats to national security, border security public safety and those with convictions for aggravated felonies.

The Maher and Trasvina Memo, on the other hand, provided guidance on ICE exercise of prosecutorial discretion (PD) at all stages of ICE enforcement including, but not limited to, issuance of Notice to Appear, Cancellation of the NTA, Stipulation to Relief, Administrative Closure, Termination and Continuances of Removal.

Notwithstanding the compassionate and practical nature of the priorities for enforcement and the reasonable guidance provided on prosecutorial discretion as contained in the Memos, the States of Texas and Louisiana filed a lawsuit against the Biden Administration questioning the legality of the abovementioned Memoranda (State of Texas v. United States, 6:21-cv-16 (S.D. Tex. Aug. 19, 2021). As a result of the lawsuit, Judge Drew Tipton issued a preliminary injunction against ICE restraining them from enforcing the ICE Memos. The injunction was temporarily suspended on August 23, 2021 until August 30, 2021.

Before the issuance of the injunction order, several immigrants who are in removal proceedings applied for Prosecutorial Discretion based on the relevant ICE Memo resulting in closure and sometimes termination of removal proceedings. With the injunction, the ICE priorities for enforcement and the prosecutorial discretion based on the subject Memos may not be enforced in the interim pending litigation. But this does not necessarily mean that the immigrant in removal proceedings may not avail of the request for prosecutorial discretion and other applicable reliefs based on ICE long standing policy. It will be best to seek legal advice from professional legal counsel for existing remedies that may still be available pending the final decision on the lawsuit.

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Featured

New CDC Policy: Covid-19 Vaccine Required for Green Card Applicants

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Starting October 1, 2021, applicants for immigrant visas or green cards whose applications are pending before the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and or the U.S. Embassies are required to show proof that they are fully vaccinated against COVID-19.

This new policy was released by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It will be applicable to applicants who complete their Medical Examination or their Form I-693, Report of Medical Examination and Vaccination Record on or after October 1, 2021.  If the medical examination or I-693 was completed before October 1, 2021, and remains valid, proof of COVID-19 vaccination will not be required.

Applicants for green cards who refuse the vaccine and do not qualify for any of the CDCs limited exemptions will be deemed inadmissible and be denied their visas.

Vaccinations that are recognized as valid are the Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna or Johnson & Johnson vaccine.  If none of these vaccinations are available in the country of origin of the applicant, CDC will accept different-COVID-19 vaccines as recommended by its Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.

There are waivers and exemptions from the vaccine requirement that may be applied.  CDC will waive COVID-19 vaccine requirement for individuals who are too young to safely receive vaccines and for people with contraindications, i.e., health conditions that indicate that s/he is likely to have a severe adverse reaction to the vaccine. It can also be waived for individuals from countries with no or limited COVID-19 vaccine supplies.

Exemptions of this requirement may be applied for visa applicants who refuse the vaccine based on religious or moral grounds. However, no exemption will be provided to those who claim that they contracted COVID-19 and are still immune to the virus.

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Updates

Pathway to Citizenship Gaining Momentum

Pathway to Citizenship Gaining Momentum
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Congress Passes Budget Resolution Paving Way to Legalizing Certain Immigrants

On August 24, 2021 the U.S. House of Representatives passed the Budget Resolution on a 220-212 vote allowing a budget reconciliation bill to move forward in Congress. The budget resolution includes over $100 billion to support legalization programs for Dreamers, recipients of Temporary Protected Status, essential workers, and other eligible immigrants, as well as other reforms to the immigration system.

Both the House and the Senate instructed their respective Committees to draft reconciliation legislation including language that will provide a pathway to citizenship for eligible unauthorized immigrants.

A stand-alone bill to be passed in Congress requires a majority vote of the House of Representative and the usual 60 vote threshold in the Senate. With a politically charged immigration issue on the legalization of millions of undocumented, it may take a while before an immigration bill is passed into law. But a “reconciliation” process allows a simple majority to pass certain types of legislation evading a Senate filibuster. And since the current Senate is split 50-50 and the Vice President, who casts the tie breaking vote is a Democrat, a reconciliation bill could pass without any Republican support.

The immigration provisions on the budget reconciliation bill may not be the comprehensive immigration reform bill that has been anticipated for many years. While the language of the bill is still being drafted, nothing definite is to be expected but it is likely that certain categories of immigrants (basically the Dreamers, recipients of Temporary Protected Status, “essential” workers), may benefit from the immigration provisions of the budget reconciliation bill.

The “Dreamers” are the undocumented immigrants who came to the U.S. in 2019 or earlier, at 17 years or younger and are either in school or have completed the equivalent of a high school diploma. “Essential Workers” include those engaged in industries defined as “essential” by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The industries that essential workers support represent, but are not limited to, medical and healthcare, telecommunications, information technology systems, defense, food and agriculture, transportation and logistics, energy, water and wastewater, and law enforcement.

A final vote on the final Budget Reconciliation bill is expected in the coming weeks.

For further information, please contact Tancinco Law at www.tancinco.com, law@tancinco.com or by calling 1 888 930 0808.

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Updates

Updates on Biden’s U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021 (H.R. 1177 and S.348) introduced in Congress establishes a path to citizenship for certain undocumented individuals. The bill also replaces the term alien with noncitizen in the immigration statutes and addresses other related issues.

Specifically, the bill establishes a new status of lawful prospective immigrant. This status shall be available to an applying noncitizen who meets certain requirements, including being continually present in the United States from January 1, 2021, and passing background checks. After at least five years with this status, an eligible noncitizen may apply for and receive permanent resident status.

The bill also provides permanent resident status to certain applying noncitizens, specifically for eligible noncitizens who (1) entered the United States as a minor, (2) were eligible for temporary protected status or deferred enforced departure on January 1, 2017, or (3) worked a certain amount of agricultural labor in the five years prior to applying.

STATUS:  The U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021 (H.R. 1177 and S.348) is still pending and is currently referred to various committees including  the Judiciary Committee for hearing and consideration. No significant action has been taken on this Biden bill since its introduction.

There are two stand-alone bills that were approved by the U.S. House of Representatives in the month of March 2021. These are the American Dream and Promise Act and the Farm Workforce Modernization Act. Both of the provisions of these bills are also included in the broader U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021.

(This update is current as of July 19, 2021. Previous updates on the U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021 may be viewed here.)

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Updates

Updated Advisory: Traveling to the Philippines and the U.S.

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TRAVELING TO THE PHILIPPINES

Entry restrictions remain in place. All arriving passengers remain subject to guidelines set by the Philippines’ Inter-Agency Task Force Against Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF) in Resolution Nos. 97, 98,103,  113 and 114.

According to the guidance issued by the Philippines Bureau of Immigration (BI), individuals in the following categories should be allowed to enter the Philippines, subject to the maximum capacity of inbound passengers at the port and date of entry, until further notice:

  1. Foreign nationals with valid and existing visas at the time of entry;
  2. Foreign nationals allowed entry under the Balikbayan Program (RA6788), provided they are nationals from non-visa-required countries under Executive Order 408:
    • Former Filipino citizens, together with their foreign spouses and children, regardless of age, who are travelling with the former Filipino citizens; and
    • Filipino citizens’ spouses and children, regardless of age, who are travelling with the Filipino citizen.
  3. Foreign nationals who are holders of valid and existing Special Resident Retiree’s Visas (SRRV), may be allowed entry without the need for an Entry Exemption Document (EED).
  4.  Foreign nationals who are holders of valid and existing 9(a) or Temporary Visitor’s Visas, provided they present, upon arrival, an EED issued by the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA).

Quarantine Information:

Individuals granted permission to enter by the Philippine authorities must undergo a 14-day quarantine and must have a confirmed booking for the first ten days at a hotel accredited by the Philippine Tourism and Health Agencies while awaiting their COVID-19 test results. The remaining four days will be a home quarantine under the local government unit of destination.   U.S. citizens must stay at the booked hotel until they receive a Philippine Bureau of Quarantine medical certificate.  For more information, see IATF Resolution No. 114 on the Philippine Official Gazette website.

Per IATF Resolution 123-C, all arriving individuals fully vaccinated in the Philippines regardless of travel history, and those vaccinated abroad who stayed exclusively in “Green” countries/jurisdictions (see IATF Resolution 124-B) in the past fourteen days immediately preceding arrival, shall be required to undergo a seven (7) –day facility-based quarantine upon arrival, with the date of arrival being the first day. Note that the United States is not included as one of the green countries.

TRAVELING TO THE UNITED STATES

All airline passengers traveling to the United States, including U.S. citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs), are required to provide proof of a negative COVID-19 viral test or recovery from COVID-19.

Effective January 26, 2021 all airline passengers to the United States ages two years and older must provide either a negative COVID-19 viral test taken within three calendar days of travel or provide a positive test result and documentation from a licensed health care provider or public health official of having recovered from COVID-19 in the 90 days preceding travel.  Passengers must also attest, under penalty of law, to having received a negative qualifying test result or to recovery from COVID-19 and medical clearance to travel.   

Airlines must deny boarding to passengers who do not meet these requirements.   

U.S. citizens in countries where adequate COVID-19 testing is not available or may not be able to satisfy the requirements, should depart immediately or prepare to be unable to return to the United States until such time as they can meet the requirements.    

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Updates

Biden’s Strategy On Promoting Naturalization

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In the past administration, a significant number of non-citizens were apprehensive about filing applications for naturalization because of restrictive immigration policies.  Even naturalized U.S. citizens were threatened with de-naturalization or having their U.S. citizenship taken away from them through a Trump denaturalization program that was then established within the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.

In a 180 degree change of direction the current Biden-Harris Administration is determined to promote naturalization among those eligible to file for naturalization and become U.S. citizens. It has taken steps to eliminate barriers to citizenship and restore faith in our nation’s legal immigration system.

On July 2, 2021, the USCIS released its Interagency Strategy for Promoting Naturalization to promote naturalization through citizenship education and awareness and by building capacity and expanding partnerships with government agencies and community based organizations.

As part of this interagency strategy, a Naturalization Working Group was established by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Education (ED), Health and Human Services (HHS), State (DOS), Labor (DOL), Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Defense (DOD), Justice (DOJ), Veterans Affairs (VA), Agriculture (USDA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA).

Naturalization Working Group goals include:

  • Raising awareness of the importance of citizenship;
  • Promoting civic integration and inclusion;
  • Providing immigrants with opportunities and tools to become fully engaged citizens;
  • Building community capacity to prepare immigrants for citizenship;
  • Eliminating sources of fear and other barriers that prevent individuals from accessing available naturalization services; and
  • Advancing and ensuring equity throughout the citizenship and naturalization processes, including on the basis of race, disability, language access, national origin, gender, gender identity and sexual orientation, and providing support to traditionally underserved communities.

This is a welcome development as a means of empowering the immigrants and restoring faith in the immigration system. While many will be encouraged to apply for naturalization as a result of this program, it will still be prudent for those with long immigration history  to take diligent steps to get their cases assessed for any possible consequences of filing for U.S. citizenship. Examples are those with prior criminal convictions, undisclosed prior marriages, continuous interrupted physical presence among other issues, who must consult with their trusted professional legal counsel before proceeding to file citizenship.

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Updates

U.S. Consul General Kelly’s Update on Processing of K1 Fiance Visas

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In a recently released video of the U.S. Embassy in Manila, Consul General Kimberly Kelly, announced on July 10, 2021, that K1 visa interviews will slowly take place. She stated that the consular office is now in a position to interview a limited number of K1 visa applicants.

According to Consul General Kelly, they will schedule interviews for K1 visa applicants who had appointments that were canceled in March 2020. After these cases are completed, the consular officers at the U.S. Embassy will begin to interview cases in the order that their office received the applications from the National Visa Center (NVC).

K1 visa applicants who are not yet called for an interview are urged to be patient. There is no need to contact the U.S. Embassy unless there is an emergency that will warrant an expedited interview.

The following cases will be considered for an expedited interview:

  • If your child, who is applying for a K-2 visa, will turn 21 years old before December 31, 2021.
  • If your K-2 follow-to-join applicants will lose follow-to-join eligibility from the time thethe principal applicant was issued a K-1 visa.
  • If you have a U.S. citizen child who will travel with you.
  • The petitioner is an active-duty U.S. military member with pending deployment orders, pending Permanent Change of Station (PCS) orders,.
  • The petitioner has documented medical issues and is currently in the Philippines and unable to travel to the United States without assistance from the K-1 applicant.

Any other cases that do not fall within the category above will have to wait until the U.S. Embassy calls them for an interview. 

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Updates

Latest Court Ruling Affects First Time DACA Applicants

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On July 16, 2021, a federal court Judge Andrew Hanen ordered the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to stop the processing and approval of new DACA applications. What is the impact of this decision on DACA recipients and those with pending DACA applications?

Jose turned 18 years old in January 2021.  When Jose was 5 years old, he was brought to the United States by his Aunt and his immigration status was never legalized. He practically grew up in the United States and completed his high school education and dreams, one day, of becoming a physician.

When President Biden was elected, Jose filed for protection under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals. This is the first time that he applied for DACA.  The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services acknowledged receiving his application but no action has been taken so far.  On Friday, July 16, 2021, Jose learned that the Federal Court Judge ruled against new DACA applicants. What are the chances that he will be granted employment authorization and protection under DACA?

The DACA Program

In 2012 President Obama created a policy called Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), calling for deferred action for certain undocumented young people who came to the U.S. as children. Applications under the program began on August 15, 2012. More than 800,000 DACA eligible individuals filed for protection and employment authorization under this DACA program.

Legal Challenges

DACA has always been the subject of legal challenges where certain States question the legality of the DACA program. When former President Trump took office, he immediately issued an order rescinding DACA. Several lawsuits were filed questioning the rescission of the DACA program.

On June 18, 2020, in Department of Homeland Security v. Regents of University of California,the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the Trump administration’s termination of the DACA program and ruled that the termination of DACA was “arbitrary and capricious” under the Administrative Procedures Act (APA). While it ruled against its termination, the Court did not rule on whether or not DACA itself is lawful, but merely held that the Trump administration did not follow the law when it tried to terminate the program. In Casa de Maryland v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security,  a federal judge in the U.S. District Court of Maryland ordered the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reinstate the DACA program to its 2017, pre-termination status and to start accepting new applications.

On July 16, 2021, Judge Andrew Hanen, a federal judge in the State of Texas, issued a ruling declaring DACA as unlawful since, according to his decision, the Department of Homeland Security has no authority to create DACA and to prevent immigration officials from enforcing the removal provisions of the law.

Impact of the Decision: First Time DACA Applicants Adversely Affected

Jose’s application as illustrated above will be put on hold as a result of the recent decision.

Those who have received prior DACA protections and employment authorizations are not affected by the decision. Unfortunately, first time DACA applications will be placed on hold by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services which means that no new DACA applications will be approved at this time. The federal Court decision blocked USCIS from approving any new DACA cases. Hence, all individuals who have submitted DACA initial applications (those that never had DACA and are applying for the first time) and have not received an approval from USCIS will have their application held. This applies to all initial cases that were not approved prior to July 16, 2021.

What about individuals who already had prior DACA for the first time and are renewing? If an applicant was recently granted DACA for the first time, his/her DACA will remain valid and may be renewed.

Future of DACA

President Biden vowed to appeal the federal court decision. But while this is on appeal, the new DACA applicant’s fate will be put on hold. The more permanent solution is for Congress to pass the American Dream and Promise Act which bill is waiting to be passed.

President Obama emphasized the importance of passing legislation to protect our DREAMers.  On his Twitter posting, he said that “For more than nine years, DREAMers have watched courts and politicians debate whether they’ll be allowed to stay in the only country many of them have ever known, it’s long past time for Congress to act and give them the protection and certainty they deserve.”

Let us continue to strongly support our DREAMers, by calling and urging our representatives in Congress to pass the American Dream and Promise Act. Undeniably, our young DREAMers deserve better.

(Atty. Lourdes Santos Tancinco, Esq. is an immigration attorney with the Tancinco Law Offices, a San Francisco CA based law firm. She may be reached at 1 888 930 0808, law@tancinco.com , facebook.com/tancincolaw, or through her website www.tancinco.com)

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Updates

Trump’s “No Insurance, No Green Card” Rule Now Revoked by Biden

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Under the Trump Proclamation 9945 announced in October 2019, immigrant visa applicants had to prove they were covered by approved insurance, such as employer-sponsored plans, unsubsidized plans or family members’ plans, or “possess[ed] the financial resources” to pay for any reasonably foreseeable medical costs before they may granted their immigrant visas or green cards. Trump’s belief was that the cost of immigrant health care would be pushed onto American taxpayers and drive hospitals into insolvency.

The American Immigration Lawyers Association filed a lawsuit against the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the U.S. Department of State and other federal agencies on behalf of a proposed class of affected individuals and the nonprofit Latino Network, claiming that Trump’s rule was unconstitutional and that the administration sidestepped a notice-and-comment period required under administrative law.

On May 14, 2021, President Biden issued a proclamation lifting former President Donald Trump’s Proclamation 9945 and said his administration can expand access to quality affordable health care without barring the entry of non-citizens who seek to immigrate lawfully but lack the means to pay for health plans. Biden revoked the rule saying that Trump’s policy was at odds with an executive order of his own from February aimed at “restoring faith” in the immigration system.